双语 | 87岁袁隆平飚英语 这才是真正的国宝级牛人！

7月11日，经常被娱乐圈霸占的微博话题榜突然出现了一股清流 #袁隆平飚英语#，引发了无数网友围观和点赞↓

原来，在当天举办的第十届海外高层次人才座谈会暨海外院士青岛行“雁栖湖论坛”上，“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平以流利英语完成了一次长达20分钟的演讲。

开场时，袁老谦虚地说“I speak poor English”，然而演讲全程，几乎未见停顿或错误。

https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=m0524oit4af&width=500&height=375&auto=0
在演讲中，袁老提到：

It is expected that 60% more rice should be produced in 2030 than that in 1995. Currently, 1 ha. for rice production provides food for 27 people. By 2050, 1 ha. will have to support 43 people.

据估计，2030年全球水稻产量应比1995年增加60%以上才能基本满足人类需求。目前每公顷所产稻谷能养活27人，但到2050年，每公顷所产稻谷必须要养活43人才行。

If 50% of the conventional rice is replaced by hybrid rice, and estimating on a 2 t/ha yield advantage of hybrid rice, it is estimated that the total rice production in the world will be increased by another 150 million tons, which can feed 400 million more people each year.

如果全球有一半的常规水稻面积改种杂交水稻，按每公顷增产2吨稻谷估算，则全球可增产1.5亿吨粮食，这相当于每年可多养活4亿人。

正如网友表示“用英文介绍杂交水稻，不止是英语要好，还要懂很多专业术语”，难怪87岁高龄的袁老如此圈粉！

对于很多人来说，袁隆平是一位常见于课本中的科学家。

很多人都不知道，早在1999年，经专业资产评估事务所评估，仅“袁隆平”这个品牌，市值就达1008.9亿元。但生活中的袁老却低调朴素，在一次采访中，他说：

“我到超市买衣服都是几十块，一百多块一件，我就非常满足了。要穿那么好做什么，要品牌做什么，同样的你穿了之后你身价就高了？那是做生意的人是那么回事，我们搞科研的人没有。”

他还常说：

“人的身上最值钱的是装在脑袋里的知识，和一颗责任心。”

虽然自己朴素节俭，但多年以来，袁老用个人获得的各类奖金设立科技奖励基金，颁给他人从不吝啬。

https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=c0518a443td&width=500&height=375&auto=0
2011年10月10日，时任中共中央政治局常委、国务院副总理李克强来到国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心，实地考察超级稻研发进展和产量品质情况，高度赞扬袁隆平为中国乃至世界做出的突破性贡献。李克强对袁老说：“你又为中国人的吃饭问题做出了新贡献，堪称‘国宝’啊。全国人民都会为你高兴。”

袁老的“杂交水稻”有多牛，让我们一起来看看↓

Professor Yuan Longping received the 2004 World Food Prize for his breakthrough achievement in developing the genetic materials and technologies essential for breeding high-yielding hybrid rice varieties. His pioneering research has helped transform China from food deficiency to food security within three decades.

2004年，袁隆平教授因其在发展高产杂交水稻育种所需的遗传物质与技术方面所取得的突出成就，获得世界粮食奖。他的开创性研究帮助中国在三十年内，实现了从粮食匮乏到粮食保障的转变。

Revered as the “Father of Hybrid Rice,” Yuan had worked as Director-General of the China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center in Changsha, Hunan Province, China till 2015. At the age of 87, he still continues his innovative scientific work.

袁隆平被尊称为“杂交水稻之父”，曾任湖南长沙的国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心主任，于2015年卸任。如今，87岁高龄的他仍坚持从事科研工作。

Discoveries in Breeding Hybrid Rice

在培育杂交水稻方面的发现

Professor Yuan is widely acknowledged as the first person to discover how to achieve heterosis in rice—a phenomenon in which the progeny of two distinctly different parents grow faster, yield more, and resist stress better than either parent. Rice is a self-pollinating plant. Because of this trait, it was long assumed that developing a hybrid variety was not possible. Yuan’s work reversed this assumption.

袁教授首次发现了实现水稻杂种优势的方法，并因此而广为人知。杂交水稻是由两个完全不同品种的母本和父本杂交所产生的新杂合体，生长旺盛，产量更大，抗逆性比母本和父本更强。水稻是一种自花传粉植物。正是由于这种特性，长期以来，人们以为杂交品种是不可能实现的。而袁隆平的研究打破了这种设想。

He began his research in 1964 and discovered a wild male sterile rice variety, which allowing researchers to fertilize these plants with pollen from other varieties. By 1974, Yuan had commercially released a hybrid rice variety with 20 percent higher yields than previous varieties, which was named Nan-you No. 2.

1964年，袁隆平开始从事杂交水稻研究，发现了一种野生的雄性不育水稻品种，研究人员可以将其他水稻品种的花粉授到这种植株上。1974年，他育成第一个杂交水稻品种，名为“南优2号”，并进行了商业发布，这种水稻比之前的品种增产了20%。

By 2003, half of China’s rice production area was planted with hybrid rice. Worldwide, 20 percent of rice comes from rice species created by hybrid rice following Yuan’s breakthrough discoveries.

到2003年，半个中国的水稻产区均实现了杂交水稻种植。而在世界范围内，有20%的水稻是由袁隆平的突破性发现——杂交水稻改良而来的。

Production and Nutrition Goals

生产及营养目标

In 1997, Yuan’s yields were 10,606 kg/hectare and by 2004, 12,121 kg/hectare. Under Yuan’s leadership, the output of the “super hybrid rice” surpassed 15,000 kg/hectare in 2014. In 2016, a new world record in output of double-cropping rice was set in south China's Guangdong, which achieved an annual yield of 23066 kg/hectare of farmland.

1997年，袁隆平研发的水稻产量为10606公斤/公顷，到2004年达到12121公斤/公顷。在袁隆平的带领下，2014年“超级杂交水稻”的产量超过了15000公斤/公顷。2016年，中国南部广东省种植的复种水稻创造了新的世界纪录，年产量达23066公斤/公顷。

Increasing yields does not mean losing quality, according to Yuan, but he does believe that increasing total production outweighs a desire for preferred taste. The next mission of his research center is to make rice healthier and more nutritious to help solve the problem of malnutrition. Researchers are working to put vitamin A, protein, starch and other nutrients into hybrid rice, with the potential to reduce anemia and vision problems, especially in children. His continuing research offers even more promise for world food security and adequate nutrition for the world’s poor.

袁隆平表示，增产并不意味着粮食质量会降低，但他也认为，增加总产量比改善口味偏好要更重要。他的研究中心的下一步任务是让大米更营养健康，帮助人们解决营养不良的问题。研究人员正在研究将维他命A、蛋白质、淀粉和其他营养素加入到杂交水稻中，以期减少贫血和视力问题，特别是孩子会出现的问题。

Sea Rice

海水稻

Yuan Longping, China's "father of hybrid rice," is planning experiments on expanding the production of sea-rice to 300 kilograms per mu at the newly-founded Sea-Rice Research and Development Center in Qingdao, China News reported. The center was established and opened on May 7，2017.

据中国新闻网报道，中国“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平计划在青岛新建的海水稻研发中心进行实验，将海水稻产量提升至4500公斤/公顷。该研发中心于2017年5月7日成立并投入运行。

Sea-rice, sometimes found in saline-alkaline soil, is resistant to pests, diseases, salt, and alkali; and does not need fertilizer. The Qingdao research center will use gene sequencing to cultivate new strains of sea-rice that will yield more rice and grow with saline water.

海水稻一般生于盐碱地，具有抗病虫害、抗盐碱、不需施肥等特点。青岛研发中心将利用基因测序技术，培育产量更大且能在咸水生长的海水稻新品种。

Mr. Yuan expects the yield of such sea-rice to reach at least 300 kilograms per mu (0.07 hectares) by 2020. China would gain another 30 billion kilograms of grains if the country gains 100 million mu of fertile land on mud flats. This would meet the need of about 80 million people on a yearly basis.

袁隆平预计，到2020年底，这种海水稻的产量至少可达4500 公斤/公顷。中国若能将1亿亩滩涂地变为良田，则水稻可增产300亿公斤，满足约8千万人每年的粮食需求。

According to the center, the sea-rice to be developed has several advantages, including high yield, good quality, and tolerance to saline-alkaline conditions. The first generation of sea-rice is projected to be available this November.

研发中心称，新种海水稻有许多优点，包括高产量、高品质、抗盐碱，预计今年11月第一代海水稻可以问世。

借着#袁隆平飚英语#的话题，袁老再次走进大众视线。译·世界（微信号：YEEWORLD）做这样一篇文章分享给大家，也希望更多人关注默默耕耘、却实实在在改变了我们生活的科研工作者。

这才是实实在在的国宝，这才是我们真正的骄傲！致敬！

英文来源：世界粮食奖官网，国务院新闻办公室官网，亚太粮食肥料技术中心（FFTC）官网等（内容有删减） 

编译：Janet、Lyla

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